Composting Technique

Technique COMPOSTING
Compost is the decomposition of materials - the materials or the process of reform of the complex compound into simpler compounds with the help of microorganisms. Astau compost humus is the remains of living things which have undergone weathering, its form has changed, such as land and odorless. Compost has a complete NPK nutrient content, although a small percentage. Compost also contains other compounds that are beneficial to plants. Benefits of Compost for Soil and Plant Compost is like a multivitamin for the soil and plants. Compost to improve soil physical and chemical properties. The compost will restore soil fertility. Hard soil will become more loose. Poor soil will become fertile. Acid soils would be more neutral. Plants that were growing more fertile compost and crop quality is better than plants without compost. Benefits of using compost on agricultural land is able to replace or make effective use of chemical fertilizers (non organic) so that costs can be reduced fertilizer purchases. In addition, another benefit is that it can generate some much-needed nutrients though the plant, besides it also can produce other micro-nutrients such as Fe, Zn, Bo, Mn, Cu, and Mo. While the specific benefits for farmers, namely that the pattern of animal husbandry (farming) became more so the management of livestock for the purpose of production and reproduction would be more optimal. Making Compost In principle all the ingredients that come from living creatures or organic materials can be composted. Litter, leaves, grass clipping, twigs, and wood waste can be composted. Manure, animals, even human waste could be composted. Composting of livestock manure, better known as manure. Food scraps and dead animals can also be composted. There is a material that is easily composted, there is a rather simple ingredients, and there is a difficult composted. Most easily composted organic material. Materials are rather easy, aka a bit difficult composted include: hard wood, stems, and bamboo. Materials include composted hard wood very hard, bones, hair, horns, and fur.
Naturally organic material into compost will experience weathering, but the long time between half to one year depending on the material and condition. In order for the composting process can take place more quickly need additional treatment. Composting is accelerated by adding activator or compost inoculum or starter. This activator is a micro-organism (microbe), which works to accelerate weathering of organic matter into compost. Organic materials are soft and small enough can be composted without having to do enumeration. But a large organic material and hard, should be chopped first. Activators compost must be mixed evenly throughout the organic material for composting process lasted better and faster. The material will be composted should also contain enough water. This water is needed for the life of microorganisms in the compost activator. The material is more difficult to dry composting. However, too much water content will also inhibit the composting process. So wet should be enough. Materials must also contain enough air. Just as water, air required for the life of microorganisms compost activator. Examples of Cow Manure Composting

RAW MATERIALS COMPOSTING
The basic principle of composting is to mix the dry organic material rich in carbohydrates with wet organic material which contains N. Mixing manure and dry carbon, such as sawdust, grass remaining rations. or straw to produce a useful compost to improve soil structure. 1.Kotoran Dairy Cow Dairy Cow manure typically contains a lot of water and nitrogen (N). Therefore, cow dung should be mixed with other materials containing high carbon dry. Produced good quality compost. 2. Sawdust Sawdust has a water content of dry to medium. As the raw material compost sawdust moderate to good value although not all components overhauled material perfectly. Sawdust is derived from softwood and some hardwood. Violence type of wood determines the length of the composting process because the content of lignin therein. The quality depends on the kind of sawdust wood, planting area of ​​origin, and age of wood. The finer the particle size of sawdust the better absorption of water and the smell it has. 3.Rumput Time Rations residual water content of grass is in the range of dry rations to medium. Grass is still a long rest should be chopped into shorter for fermentation run fast. Grass count the remaining rations have the opportunity to quickly overhauled. Grass N remaining a source of good. In the process of composting piles can be solid and the atmosphere becomes anaerobic.

COMPOSTING TECHNIQUES
Composting techniques described in this case related to the equipment used and workflow, stockpiling of raw materials, and how to properly mix the raw materials for the composting process yield satisfactory results. 1. Composting Tools Tools used in small-scale composting process is hoe, shovel, box or space composting, plastic bags, plastic bags and tape devices. Based on experience, a good compost maker can know approximately how much compost temperature during holding and squeezing it with compost material. Based on this, if it even exists, the thermometer can be used only on the first composting. Shade and a place that is not passed by the flow of water deserve the attention of the compost maker. Plastic bag and the adhesive used appliance maker compost compost if you want to sell their products in bulk form instead. Work 2.Alur Composting Starting from handling raw materials to storage of compost before sale has a workflow on raw materials, process mix, and the compost. Workflow described in detail the storage, refining, and mixing of raw materials; buildup mixture, temperature and humidity measurement, process termination, and maturation, sifting, drying, packing, and storage of compost, such as the following results.
At first, unused raw materials stored in a safe place to avoid the chances of fire. What is meant by the grinding of raw materials is a reduction in the size of shapes, such as counting grass. Mixing and accumulation of raw material can be one or more separate parts. Dairy cow dung mixed with sawdust or grass diets with the rest of the volume ratio of 1:1 or 1:2. The measurement volume can use a bucket of water or other patch tools. The raw material is stirred or directly stacked in layers in composting. Place of composting may be using a box, bucket, or land surface. Piles should not compacted. The next day the pile behind the back. Temperature and humidity measurements performed before reversal, especially temperature, if the tool is available. Inversion is done every day during the first week and after that can be carried out once a week. Mix crushed to find out the moisture. Low moisture mixture is characterized by the absence of the compost raw material embedded in the palm of the hand. So, into the stack must be added to water as needed. Termination of the process was stopped after the temperature stabilized and subsequently followed by the ripening process. The compost is left in the open air for a week. After that the compost sifted to separate the coarse and fine. Rough section included again in the next composting.
Composting may then use a mixture of the compost as much as 10% of total raw materials to accelerate the composting process. Compost results that will be sold dried, packed, and stored. RESULTS COMPOST Composting has very many benefits, although not free from shortcomings as well. Uses of compost has been frequently discussed in various papers and opportunities. Meanwhile, knowing the weakness of composting can be used to overcome them. The selling price of the compost ranged from Rp500, 00 - Rp2.500/kg with production costs Rp 440 / kg. Based on the price of bulk compost producers have already received gross income amounted to Rp60, 00/kg. Packaging process requires a fee of 1,000, 00 / kg and it turns out this effort to raise the selling price of compost and provide income Rp1.060, 00/kg


POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE IMPACTS TO THE ENVIRONMENT
Positive Impact of compost to improve soil physical and chemical properties. The compost will restore soil fertility. Hard soil will become more loose. Negative Impact of smell often arise during the composting process took place, derived from raw materials and processes